Expert Network & Cloud Solutions

Networking protocols are standardized rules that allow computers and devices to communicate over a network. They define how data is formatted, transmitted, and processed.

1. Transmission Protocols:
    
   • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Reliable, connection-oriented (ensures data delivery).
      
   • UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Faster, connectionless (no guarantee of delivery).
      

1. Internet Protocols:
    
   • IP (Internet Protocol): Handles addressing and routing of packets.
      
     • IPv4 and IPv6 are versions used for identifying devices.
        

1. Application Layer Protocols:
    
   • HTTP/HTTPS: Web browsing.
      
   • FTP/SFTP: File transfer.
      
   • SMTP/POP3/IMAP: Email services.
      
   • DNS: Translates domain names to IP addresses.
      

1. Network Management:
    
   • ICMP: Error reporting (e.g., used by ping).
      
   • SNMP: Monitors and manages network devices.
      

1. Security Protocols:
    
   • SSL/TLS: Encrypts data for secure communication.

✔ High Speed – Faster data transfer than WAN (e.g., Gigabit speeds).
✔ Low Cost – Uses inexpensive hardware (switches, cables).
✔ Resource Sharing – Printers, files, and internet can be shared.
✔ Security – Easier to control access within a small area.
✔ Low Latency – Minimal delays due to short distances.

✖ Limited Coverage – Restricted to a small area (e.g., home, office).
✖ High Setup Cost – Initial infrastructure can be expensive.
✖ Maintenance Needed – Requires admin for security & updates.
✖ Single Point of Failure – If a server/switch fails, the network may go down.